水飞蓟（SILYBUM MARIANUM）提取物 × 紧致

人体临床试验显示水飞蓟提取物显著增加胶原III和透明质酸，减少皱纹，支持紧致功效。

Human clinical trial showed that milk thistle extract significantly increased collagen III and hyaluronic acid, reduced wrinkles, supporting firming efficacy.

研究评估了含多种活性成分的血清在植发后的效果，水飞蓟提取物为其中之一，但非单独测试，且主要终点为头皮紧致和毛发状态，混杂因素多。

The study evaluated the effect of a serum containing multiple active ingredients after hair transplantation, with milk thistle extract as one of them, but not tested alone, and primary endpoints were scalp firmness and hair status, with many confounding factors.

研究评估了含多种活性成分的血清对慢性休止期脱发女性的效果，水飞蓟提取物为其中之一，非单独测试，且主要终点为脱发量，与紧致无关。

The study evaluated the effect of a serum containing multiple active ingredients on women with chronic telogen effluvium, with milk thistle extract as one of them, not tested alone, and primary endpoint was hair loss amount, unrelated to firming.

研究评估了水飞蓟提取物对UVB诱导氧化应激的抑制作用，但未直接测量紧致度相关指标，仅涉及抗氧化酶活性，属于机理层面。

The study evaluated the inhibitory effect of milk thistle extract on UVB-induced oxidative stress, but did not directly measure firmness-related indicators, only involving antioxidant enzyme activity, which is at the mechanistic level.

研究评估了水飞蓟提取物对毛囊真皮乳头细胞中生长因子受体磷酸化的影响，与皮肤紧致无关，涉及生发机制。

The study evaluated the effect of milk thistle extract on growth factor receptor phosphorylation in hair follicle dermal papilla cells, unrelated to skin firming, involving hair growth mechanism.