本页汇总 水飞蓟素 的 5 篇安全性公开文献，按毒性终点分区，逐条标注研究类型、物种、染毒途径与来源。以上均为各原研究/评估机构的结论，本平台不作再评价，也不构成对该成分的安全性判定。
该文献研究水飞蓟宾对皮肤刺激的影响，体外实验表明水飞蓟宾不刺激IL-1α分泌，即不引起皮肤刺激，证实无风险。
This study investigates silybin's effect on skin irritation; in vitro results show silybin does not stimulate IL-1α secretion, indicating no skin irritation risk.
该文研究的是UVA光保护作用，而非光毒性；且提及DHSB有光毒性潜力，但水飞蓟宾本身未显示光毒性
The study focuses on UVA photoprotection, not phototoxicity; it mentions DHSB's phototoxic potential but silybin itself is not shown to be phototoxic
水飞蓟素、水飞蓟宾、异水飞蓟宾、水飞蓟亭和水飞蓟宁在3T3细胞及多种人源细胞中均无光毒性，仅2,3-脱氢水飞蓟宾有光毒性潜力
Silymarin, silybin, isosilybin, silychristin, and silydianin showed no phototoxicity in 3T3 cells and various human cells; only 2,3-dehydrosilybin had phototoxic potential
水飞蓟宾作为肝保护剂与白术内酯共处理，部分逆转了肝损伤，但未直接评估水飞蓟宾的发育毒性或生殖毒性，且暴露途径为水浴（类似全身暴露），非外用。
Silybin was used as a hepatoprotective agent co-treated with atractylenolides, partially reversing liver injury, but did not directly assess silybin's developmental or reproductive toxicity, and exposure was via water (systemic-like), not topical.
水飞蓟宾作为抗氧化剂用于治疗糖尿病母鼠，预防了神经营养因子表达和轴突运输的变化，但未直接评估水飞蓟宾对胚胎发育或生殖毒性的影响，且暴露途径为母体口服，非外用。
Silybin was used as an antioxidant treatment for diabetic dams, preventing changes in neurotrophic factor expression and axonal transport, but did not directly assess silybin's effect on embryo development or reproductive toxicity, and exposure was maternal oral, not topical.
毒理学实验记录来自标准化的毒性试验（如 OECD 导则试验），给出的是剂量/浓度层面的实验值；公开文献是研究者围绕化妆品实际使用场景发表的研究（本页 5 篇），结论均为原作者观点。两类证据并列呈现，本平台不做合并判定。
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