泛酸

首次报告泛醇引起脓疱性刺激性接触性皮炎，证实存在皮肤刺激风险

First reported case of pustular irritant contact dermatitis caused by dexpanthenol, confirming skin irritation risk.

文献指出局部使用泛醇耐受性良好，皮肤刺激或致敏风险极小，且预处理可减少刺激

The literature states that topical dexpanthenol is well tolerated with minimal risk of skin irritancy or sensitization, and pretreatment reduces irritation.

该文献研究泛酸对丙戊酸诱导神经管缺陷的保护作用，泛酸本身未显示致畸性，且作为保护剂使用，不证实泛酸存在孕期风险。

This study investigates pantothenic acid's protective effect against valproic acid-induced neural tube defects; pantothenic acid itself shows no teratogenicity and is used as a protective agent, thus does not support a pregnancy risk.

该文献显示母体泛酸缺乏导致胎儿生长迟缓、畸形和死亡，但暴露途径为饮食缺乏（系统性），非化妆品外用。动物高剂量，人体相关性待证。

This study shows maternal pantothenic acid deficiency leads to fetal growth retardation, malformations, and death, but the exposure is dietary deficiency (systemic), not topical cosmetic use. Animal high-dose evidence, human relevance needs verification.

该文献研究泛酸对丙戊酸诱导神经管缺陷的保护作用，泛酸单独使用无胚胎毒或致畸效应，不证实泛酸存在孕期风险。

This study examines pantothenic acid's protective effect against VPA-induced neural tube defects; pantothenic acid alone showed no embryocidal or teratogenic effects, thus does not support a pregnancy risk.

文献明确指出局部使用泛醇耐受性良好，皮肤刺激或致敏风险极小。

The literature states that topical dexpanthenol is well tolerated with minimal risk of skin irritancy or sensitization.